GUT 1998;42:477-484 ( April )

Activation of nuclear factor B in inflammatory bowel disease

S Schreiber, S Nikolaus, J Hampe

Charité University Hospital, 4th Medical Department, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

Correspondence to: Dr Stefan Schreiber, First Medical Department, Christian-Albrechts University, Schittenhelmstrasse 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

Accepted for publication 9 October 1997

BackgroundExpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines is increased in the intestinal lamina propria of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nuclear factor B (NFB) controls transcription of inflammation genes. On activation, NFB is rapidly released from its cytoplasmic inhibitor (IB), transmigrates into the nucleus, and binds to DNA response elements in gene promoter regions.
AimsTo investigate whether increased activation of NFB is important in IBD and may be down-regulated by anti-inflammatory treatment.
MethodsActivation of NFB was determined by western blot assessment and electrophoretic mobility shift assay in nuclear extracts of colonic biopsy samples as well as lamina propria mononuclear cells.
ResultsNuclear levels of NFB p65 are increased in lamina propria biopsy specimens from patients with Crohn's disease in comparison with patients with ulcerative colitis and controls. Increased activation of NFB was detected in lamina propria mononuclear cells from patients with active IBD. Corticosteroids strongly inhibit intestinal NFB activation in IBD in vivo and in vitro by stabilising the cytosolic inhibitor IB against activation induced degradation.
ConclusionsIn both IBDs, but particularly Crohn's disease, increased activation of NFB may be involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response. Inhibition of NFB activation may represent a mechanism by which steroids exert an anti-inflammatory effect in IBD.
(GUT 1998;42:477-484)

Keywords: interleukin 1ß;  inflammatory bowel disease;  intestinal immunity;  signal transduction;  steroids;  tumour necrosis factor

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