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a Co-Chair,
Committee on Basic Science: Brain-Gut, Multinational Working Teams to
Develop Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Departments
of Physiology and Internal Medicine, The Ohio
State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio,
USA, b Co-Chair, Committee on
Basic Science: Brain-Gut, Gastroenterology Division, Department of
Medicine, Washington University School of
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA, c Department of Physiology, St Georges Hospital
Medical School, London, UK
Correspondence to: Jackie D Wood, Ph.D, Professor of Physiology and Internal Medicine, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 302 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. Email: wood.13{at}osu.edu
Current concepts and basic principles of
neurogastroenterology in relation to functional gastrointestinal
disorders are reviewed. Neurogastroenterology is emphasized as a new
and advancing subspecialty of clinical gastroenterology and digestive
science. As such, it embraces the investigative sciences dealing with
functions, malfunctions, and malformations in the brain and spinal
cord, and the sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric divisions of the
autonomic innervation of the digestive tract. Somatomotor systems are
included insofar as pharyngeal phases of swallowing and pelvic floor
involvement in defecation, continence, and pelvic pain are concerned.
Inclusion of basic physiology of smooth muscle, mucosal epithelium, and the enteric immune system in the neurogastroenterologic domain relates to requirements for compatibility with neural control mechanisms. Psychologic and psychiatric relations to functional gastrointestinal disorders are included because they are significant components of neurogastroenterology, especially in relation to projections of discomfort and pain to the digestive tract.
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