Gut 2001;48:53-61 ( January )

Article

Only fibres promoting a stable butyrate producing colonic ecosystem decrease the rate of aberrant crypt foci in rats P Perrin^a, F Pierre^a, Y Patry^a, M Champ^c, M Berreur^b, G Pradal^b, F Bornet^d, K Meflah^a, J Menanteau^a

^a Human Nutrition Research Centre of Nantes, INSERM U419, Institut de Biologie, 9 quai Moncousu, 44035 Nantes Cedex 01, France, ^b Laboratoire d'Histologie, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France, ^c Human Nutrition Research Centre of Nantes, INRA, Laboratoire des Fonctions Digestives et de Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, France, ^d Eridania Béghin-Say, Vilvoorde Research and Development Centre, Nutrition and Health Service, Vilvoorde, Belgium

Correspondence to: Dr P Perrin, INSERM U419, Institut de Biologie, 9 quai Moncousu, 44035 Nantes Cedex 01, France. pperrin{at}nantes.inserm.fr

Accepted for publication 4 April 2000

BACKGROUNDDietary fibres have been proposed as protective agents against colon cancer but results of both epidemiological and experimental studies are inconclusive.
AIMSHypothesising that protection against colon cancer may be restricted to butyrate producing fibres, we investigated the factors needed for long term stable butyrate production and its relation to susceptibility to colon cancer.
METHODSA two part randomised blinded study in rats, mimicking a prospective study in humans, was performed using a low fibre control diet (CD) and three high fibre diets: starch free wheat bran (WB), type III resistant starch (RS), and short chain fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). Using a randomised block design, 96 inbred rats were fed for two, 16, 30, or 44 days to determine the period of adaptation to the diets, fermentation profiles, and effects on the colon, including mucosal proliferation on day 44. Subsequently, 36 rats fed the same diets for 44 days were injected with azoxymethane and checked for aberrant crypt foci 30 days later.
RESULTSAfter fermentation had stabilised (44 days), only RS and FOS produced large amounts of butyrate, with a trophic effect in the large intestine. No difference in mucosal proliferation between the diets was noted at this time. In the subsequent experiment one month later, fewer aberrant crypt foci were present in rats fed high butyrate producing diets (RS, p=0.022; FOS, p=0.043).
CONCLUSIONA stable butyrate producing colonic ecosystem related to selected fibres appears to be less conducive to colon carcinogenesis.


Keywords: fibre; fermentation; butyrate; colon carcinogenesis; aberrant crypt foci; rat

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