SCIENCE ALERT
Mid-life crisis for M cells
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In the intestine, lymphoid nodules, individually or aggregated
into Peyer's patches, are sites where antigen recognition begins and
mucosal immune responses are initiated. M cells in the epithelium covering these lymphoid nodules are specially differentiated to take up
and transport antigenic macromolecules and microorganisms from the
lumen across the epithelial barrier, that otherwise restricts potential
systemic pathogens to the lumen and prevents unregulated migration into
tissues. M cells, enterocytes, goblet cells, and other epithelial cells
lining the intestine and other mucosal surfaces are end stage cells,
replaced from stem cells in an unending flow, that allows cells,
physiologically infected by luminal microorganisms after emerging from
the mouths of crypts, to be continually replaced by fresh recruits.
Since M cells were first identified in humans in 1974,1 a
major limitation and challenge for investigators has been their
inability to grow M cells in culture under controlled conditions where
regulation of
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