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| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
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Introduction |
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The luminal surface of the gastrointestinal tract is covered by a viscoelastic mucous gel layer that acts as a protective barrier against the harsh luminal environment. The structural characteristics of this barrier are primary indicators of its physiological function and changes to its composition have long been identified in gastrointestinal pathologies. During the past decade significant improvements in analytical techniques coupled with detailed knowledge of the genes coding for the mucin proteins have provided exciting new insights into the role of the mucous layer and its relevance to gastrointestinal disease.
The high molecular weight mucins are responsible for the viscoelastic
properties of the mucous barrier. They are widely expressed in
epithelial tissues and are characterised by variable number tandem
repeat peptide sequences rich in serine, threonine, and proline which
carry large numbers of O-linked
oligosaccharide chains.1 2 At present, 12 genes have been
described, shown in table 1.1 3 Secreted and
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