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Over the past two years Gut has published several studies showing that the oesophago-gastric junction is exposed to high concentrations of luminal nitric oxide (NO), which is generated when salivary nitrate meets gastric acid; but how this affects tissue levels was unknown. The current study addresses this important question in an animal model by infusing nitrate into the distal oesophagus and hydrochloric acid and ascorbic acid into the stomach. Peaks of NO were observed to rapidly appear in the gastric lumen, as boluses of nitrate solution, mimicking swallowed saliva, were perfused. Tissue samples were exposed to an iron-complex that traps NO and the resulting adducts were detected using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. This showed that tissue NO concentration was maximal at the gastro-oesophageal junction and this region also showed a reduction in reduced glutathione. This is important because glutathione is known to act as an anti-oxidant and protect against oxidant
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