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Mortality as a result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has declined significantly due to application of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).1 However, an effect of this therapy is its promotion of immune reconstitution, which leaves patients more vulnerable to developing immune related illnesses, such as Crohn’s disease (CD).2,3
CD causes an increase in tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) that seems to play a fundamental role in the condition. Thus anti-TNF-α therapies represent a step forward in the management of CD.4 Elevated TNF-α levels are also observed during all stages of HIV, and consequently the use of anti-TNF-α agents has been also suggested for HIV patients.5 To date, three controlled trials of anti-TNF-α based therapies6–,8 in HIV patients have been reported. Each study registered …
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Conflict of interest: None declared.