Oesophageal cancer in women: tobacco, alcohol, nutritional and hormonal factors

S Gallus; C Bosetti; S Franceschi; F Levi; L Simonato; E Negri; C La Vecchia

doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.1898

Oesophageal cancer in women: tobacco, alcohol, nutritional and hormonal factors

Br J Cancer. 2001 Aug 3;85(3):341-5. doi: 10.1054/bjoc.2001.1898.

Authors

S Gallus¹, C Bosetti, S Franceschi, F Levi, L Simonato, E Negri, C La Vecchia

Affiliation

¹ Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Via Eritrea 62, Milan, 20157, Italy.

Abstract

We analysed 3 case-control studies from Italy and Switzerland including 114 women with squamous cell oesophageal cancer and 425 controls. The multivariate odds ratio was 4.5 for heavy smoking and 5.4 for heavy alcohol drinking. Fruit intake, vegetable intake, oral contraceptive and HRT use were inversely related to oesophageal cancer.

MeSH terms

Aged
Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects*
Body Mass Index
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / epidemiology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / etiology*
Case-Control Studies
Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / adverse effects
Diet / adverse effects*
Esophageal Neoplasms / epidemiology
Esophageal Neoplasms / etiology*
Female
Hormone Replacement Therapy / adverse effects*
Humans
Italy / epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Risk Factors
Smoking / adverse effects*
Switzerland / epidemiology

Substances

Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal