Reduction of insulin resistance with effective clearance of hepatitis C infection: results from the HALT-C trial

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 May;8(5):458-62. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.01.022. Epub 2010 Feb 12.

Abstract

Background & aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance (IR); whether this is a causal relationship has not been established.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal study within the lead-in phase of the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial to evaluate whether suppression of hepatitis C is associated with improvement in IR. Participants had advanced hepatic fibrosis and carried non-3 HCV genotypes (n = 96). Patients underwent 24 weeks of pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy and were categorized into HCV clearance groups at week 20 on the basis of HCV RNA levels; null responders had <1 log(10) decline (n = 38), partial responders had >or=1 log(10) decline (n = 37) but detectable HCV RNA, and complete responders had no detectable HCV RNA (n = 21). The primary outcome was change (week 20 minus week 0) in IR by using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA2-IR).

Results: Adjusting only for baseline HOMA2-IR, mean HOMA2-IR differences were -2.23 (complete responders), -0.90 (partial responders), and +0.18 (null responders) (P = .036). The observed differences in mean HOMA2-IR scores were ordered in a linear fashion across response groups (P = .01). The association between HCV clearance and improvement in HOMA2-IR could not be accounted for by adiponectin or tumor necrosis factor-alpha and was independent of potential confounders including age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, duration of infection, medications used, and fibrosis.

Conclusions: HCV suppression correlates with improvement in IR. These data provide further support for a role of HCV in the development of insulin resistance.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Hepatitis C / complications*
  • Hepatitis C / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Interferon alpha-2
  • Interferon-alpha / therapeutic use*
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polyethylene Glycols / therapeutic use*
  • RNA, Viral / blood
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Ribavirin / therapeutic use*
  • Viral Load

Substances

  • Interferon alpha-2
  • Interferon-alpha
  • RNA, Viral
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Ribavirin
  • peginterferon alfa-2a