Glucagon-like peptide-1: a potent regulator of food intake in humans

Gut. 1999 Jan;44(1):81-6. doi: 10.1136/gut.44.1.81.

Abstract

Background/aims: Studies in animals suggest a physiological role for glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36)-amide (GLP-1) in regulating satiety. The role of GLP-1 in regulating food intake in man has, however, not been investigated. Subjects-Sixteen healthy male subjects were examined in a double blind placebo controlled fashion.

Methods: The effect of graded intravenous doses (0, 0.375, 0.75, and 1.5 pmol/kg/min) of synthetic human GLP-1 on food intake and feelings of hunger and satiety was tested in healthy volunteers.

Results: Graded GLP-1 infusions resulted in a dose dependent reduction in food intake (maximal inhibition 35%, p<0.001 v control) and a similar reduction in calorie intake (32%; p<0.001). Fluid ingestion was also reduced by GLP-1 (18% reduction, p<0.01). No overt side effects were produced by GLP-1, but subjects experienced less hunger and early fullness in the period before a meal during GLP-1 infusion at the highest dose (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Intravenous infusions of GLP-1 decrease spontaneous food intake even at physiological plasma concentrations, implying an important role for GLP-1 in the regulation of the early satiety response in humans.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Cholecystokinin / blood
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Eating / drug effects*
  • Feeding Behavior / drug effects
  • Glucagon / blood
  • Glucagon / pharmacology*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Humans
  • Hunger / drug effects
  • Insulin / blood
  • Leptin
  • Male
  • Peptide Fragments / blood
  • Peptide Fragments / pharmacology*
  • Protein Precursors / blood
  • Protein Precursors / pharmacology*
  • Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • Leptin
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Protein Precursors
  • Proteins
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Glucagon
  • Cholecystokinin