Factors associated with survival—univariate model
| Variable | Survivors (n=72) | Non-survivors (n=33) | Relative hazard | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p Value |
| Median age (years) | 51 (21–73) | 53 (31–79) | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.62 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 46 (64%) | 22 (67%) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Female | 26 (36%) | 11 (33%) | 0.93 | 0.45 | 1.94 | 0.86 |
| Alcoholic cirrhosis | 42 (58%) | 26 (79%) | 0.47 | 0.20 | 1.09 | 0.08 |
| Current bleeding episode | ||||||
| Non-active | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Active | 21 (29%) | 13 (39%) | 1.08 | 0.52 | 2.21 | 0.84 |
| Previous long term treatment | ||||||
| Drug | 8 (11%) | 3 (9%) | 0.89 | 0.27 | 2.95 | 0.85 |
| Endoscopic | 14 (19%) | 11 (33%) | 1.98 | 0.95 | 4.11 | 0.07 |
| Oesophageal varices | ||||||
| Large | 35 (49%) | 15 (45%) | 1.30 | 0.47 | 3.60 | 0.61 |
| Medium | 25 (35%) | 13 (39%) | 1.01 | 0.36 | 2.88 | 0.98 |
| Small | 12 (17%) | 5 (15%) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Portal hypertensive gastropathy | 31 (43%) | 21 (64%) | 2.04 | 0.99 | 4.17 | 0.05 |
| Gastric varices | 11 (11%) | 3 (9%) | 0.92 | 0.28 | 3.02 | 0.89 |
| Previous bleeding from oesophageal varices | 60 (83%) | 30 (91%) | 1.83 | 0.56 | 6.00 | 0.32 |
| Acute treatment of variceal bleeding | ||||||
| Medical | 38 (53%) | 13 (39%) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sclerotherapy | 34 (47%) | 20 (61%) | 1.69 | 0.82 | 3.47 | 0.15 |
| Bilirubin (per 10 units)3-150 | 43.6 (39) | 76.5 (81) | 1.09 | 1.04 | 1.14 | 0.0001 |
| Prothrombin time (s)3-150 | 16.5 (3.0) | 21.4 (17.7) | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.05 | 0.0004 |
| Albumin (g/l)3-150 | 39.5 (33.3) | 35.9 (18.8) | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.99 | 0.03 |
| PSE | 66/6/0 | 23/7/3 | 2.90 | 1.62 | 5.19 | 0.0003 |
| Ascites | 52/5/15 | 10/4/19 | 1.97 | 1.44 | 2.68 | 0.0001 |
| Median Child-Pugh score | 7 (5–12) | 10 (5–15) | 1.53 | 1.29 | 1.82 | 0.0001 |
| Median HVPG | 16 (7–29) | 18 (10–44) | 1.12 | 1.04 | 1.21 | 0.002 |
↵3-150 Expressed as mean (SD).
CI, confidence interval; PSE, portosystemic encephalopathy.