Pulmonary consequence of advanced liver disease
| Condition | Predominant clinicopathological findings |
| Hepatopulmonary syndrome | Pulmonary vascular dilatations causing varying degrees of hypoxaemia |
| Portopulmonary hypertension | Pulmonary vasoconstriction/obliteration with eventual right heart failure |
| α1-antitrypsin deficiency | Panacinar emphysema resulting in expiratory airflow obstruction |
| Hepatic hydrothorax | Transudative pleural effusions with subsequent lung atelectasis |