Constipation symptoms. Population standardised prevalence rates (with 95% confidence intervals (CI)) and rate ratios (with 95% CI) for 2nd to 5th quintiles of socioeconomic class relative to 1st quintile
| Males | Females | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standardised prevalence rate (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | Standardised prevalence rate (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | ||
| 1st quintile | 2.81 (1.17–4.45) | — | 8.53 (5.82–11.25) | — | |
| 2nd quintile | 4.03 (2.44–5.62) | 1.43 (0.73–2.14) | 14.06 (11.30–16.81) | 1.65 (1.28–2.02) | |
| 3rd quintile | 6.99 (4.73–9.24) | 2.49 (1.82–3.15) | 13.35 (10.78–15.92) | 1.57 (1.19–1.94) | |
| 4th quintile | 5.68 (4.01–7.35) | 2.02 (1.37–2.67) | 13.95 (11.82–16.07) | 1.64 (1.28–1.99) | |
| 5th quintile | 5.15 (3.39–6.91) | 1.83 (1.16–2.51) | 14.31 (11.73–16.89) | 1.68 (1.31–2.04) | |
5th quintile is the most disadvantaged socioeconomic class.
Constipation symptoms: any of the following symptoms if reported to occur often or very often: <3 bowel movements each week, lumpy or hard stools, or anal blockage.