Cytokine | α-SMA expression | Cell proliferation | Collagen synthesis |
---|---|---|---|
TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor α; IL, interleukin; α-SMA, α smooth muscle actin. | |||
TNF-α | Increase | Increase | Increase |
IL-1 | Increase | No change | No change |
IL-6 | Increase | Decrease | Decrease |
IL-10 | Increase | No change | Increase |