Upper gastrointestinal cancers: guidelines for referral47
| • Dysphagia |
| • Dyspepsia combined with one or more of these alarm symptoms: |
| Weight loss |
| Anaemia |
| Anorexia |
| • Dyspepsia in a patient aged 55 years or more with at least one of the following “high risk” features: |
| Onset of dyspepsia less than one year ago |
| Continuous symptoms since onset |
| • Dyspepsia combined with at least one of the following known risk factors: |
| Family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer in more than one first degree relative |
| Barrett's oesophagus |
| Pernicious anaemia |
| Peptic ulcer surgery over 20 years ago |
| Known dysplasia |
| Atrophic gastritis |
| Intestinal metaplasia |
| • Jaundice |
| • Upper abdominal mass |