Table 1

Neurotransmitters involved in processing of digestive sensations

Level of controlNeurotransmitters
CCK, cholecystokinin; SP, substance P; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide; 5-HT, serotonin.
Primary afferentsSP and other tachykinins
Histamine
5-HT
Cytokines
Enkephalins
Calcitonin gene related peptide
Myenteric plexusSP and other tachykinins
Histamine
5-HT
CCK
Cytokines
Enkephalins
VIP
Spinal cord5-HT
CCK
Enkephalins
Somatostatin
Oxytocin
CNS5-HT
CCK
Calcitonin gene related peptide
Somatostatin
Oxytocin
VIP