Primary outcomes
| Outcome | n | Baseline | 1 year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are mean (SD). | ||||
| †p values for significance (at alpha = 0.05) are based on Holm’s modified Bonferroni method.32 | ||||
| *Statistically significant result | ||||
| GP visits (primary outcome) | ||||
| Control group | 136 | 2.75 (1.36) | 2.26 (2.04) | Guidebook effect: −1.56 (−1.98, −1.15); p<0.001* (p<0.017)† Self-help group effect: 0.00 (−0.28, 0.28); p = 0.990 (p>0.05)† |
| Guidebook group | 141 | 3.69 (2.41) | 1.03 (1.60) | |
| Guidebook and self-help group | 138 | 3.51 (2.27) | 0.96 (1.42) | |
| Global impressions scale—severity | ||||
| Control group | 117 | 3.29 (0.88) | 3.93 (1.31) | Guidebook effect: 0.25 (−0.05, 0.56); p = 0.102 (p>0.05)† Self-help group effect: −0.14 (−0.49, 0.21); p = 0.433 (p>0.017)† |
| Guidebook group | 125 | 3.14 (0.84) | 4.15 (1.41) | |
| Guidebook and self-help group | 122 | 3.23 (0.98) | 4.03 (1.33) | |
| Global impressions scale—change | ||||
| Control group | 117 | NA | 4.63 (1.41) | Guidebook effect: 0.51 (0.23, 0.79); p = 0.001* (p<0.025)† Self-help group effect: −0.09 (−0.38, 0.21); p = 0.559 (p>0.025)† |
| Guidebook group | 125 | NA | 5.14 (1.20) | |
| Guidebook and self-help group | 122 | NA | 5.06 (1.27) | |