Distribution of patient and treatment characteristics in relation to recurrence of achalasia
| Characteristic | n | Recurrence (n) | 5-Year risk of recurrence (SE) | 10-Year risk of recurrence (SE) | HR (95% CI) | p Value |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 161 | 52 | 0.27±0.04 | 0.33±0.04 | 1.0 | 0.93 |
| Female | 175 | 59 | 0.29±0.04 | 0.37±0.04 | 1.02 (0.7 to 1.5) | |
| Age (years) at onset | ||||||
| <21 | 31 | 23 | 0.64±0.9 | 0.72±0.09 | 1.0 | <0.001 |
| 21–40 | 91 | 42 | 0.31±0.5 | 0.38±0.06 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.7) | |
| 40–50 | 46 | 11 | 0.17±0.6 | 0.33±0.10 | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5) | |
| >50 | 168 | 35 | 0.21±0.3 | 0.24±0.04 | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.4) | |
| Type of achalasia | ||||||
| Classic | 222/288 | 79 | 0.28±0.03 | 0.36±0.04 | 1.8 (1.0 to 3.2) | 0.032 |
| Vigorous | 66/288 | 15 | 0.18±0.05 | 0.21±0.06 | 1.0 | |
| Timed barium oesophagram | ||||||
| Oesophagus dilation yes | 275/326 | 87 | 0.27±0.03 | 0.33±0.03 | 1.0 | 0.36 |
| Oesophagus dilation no | 51/326 | 21 | 0.31±0.07 | 0.37±0.07 | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.0) | |
| Manometry before treatment | ||||||
| LOS pressure ≤10 mm Hg | 10/282 | 3 | 0.29±0.18 | 0.29±0.18 | 1.0 | 0.91 |
| LOS pressure >10 mm Hg | 272/282 | 88 | 0.25±0.28 | 0.32±0.03 | 0.9 (0.3 to 3.0) | |
| Obliteration balloon's waist | ||||||
| Yes | 217/327 | 45 | 0.16±0.03 | 0.19±0.03 | 1.0 | <0.001 |
| No | 110/327 | 62 | 0.48±0.05 | 0.60±0.05 | 3.6 (2.4 to 5.3) | |
| Balloon diameter | ||||||
| Consistent (40 mm) | 212 | 70 | 0.24±0.03 | 0.32±0.04 | 1.0 | 0.63 |
| Incremental (30–35–40 mm) | 63 | 16 | 0.27±0.07 | 0.37±0.09 | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.9) | |
| Other | 61 | 25 | 0.39±0.06 | 0.42±0.07 | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.0) | |
| Manometry 3 months after treatment | ||||||
| LOS pressure ≤10 mm Hg | 82/251 | 15 | 0.17±0.04 | 0.19±0.05 | 1.0 | 0.03 |
| LOS pressure >10 mm Hg | 169/251 | 61 | 0.25±0.03 | 0.33±0.04 | 1.9 (1.1 to 3.3) | |
| Total | 336 | 111 | 0.28±0.03 | 0.34±0.03 | ||
HR were calculated in univariate Cox regression analysis.
LOS, lower oesophageal sphincter.