Studies on association of antibiotics and IBD development
| Author (ref) | Setting | Subjects | Study design | OR (95% CI) | Type of infection treated/antibiotics used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gilat et al149 | Israel | 302 CD 197 UC 998 controls | Retrospective questionnaire | – | – |
| Wurzelmann et al150 | USA | 322 CD 181 UC | Retrospective questionnaire | 2.07 (1.03 to 4.14) | Otitis, pharyngitis |
| Card et al151 | France | 587 CD 1460 controls | Hospital database | 1.32 (1.05 to 1.65) | – |
| Ruemmele et al152 | France | 10 IBD No controls | Hospital database | – | – |
| Hildebrand et al153 | Sweden | 1098 CD 6550 controls | Population-based database | 4.94 (1.83 to 13.23) | Pneumonia |
| Shaw et al142 | Canada | 36 IBD 360 controls | Population-based database | 2.9 (1.2 to 7.0) | Otitis media 61% |
| Hviid et al142 | Denmark | 117 IBD | National database | 1.84 (1.08 to 3.15) | – |
| Virta et al143 | Finland | 233 CD 362 UC 2380 control | National database | 2.82 (1.65 to 4.81) | Cephalosporin |
| Shaw et al144 | Canada | 2234 IBD 22346 controls | Population-based database | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.8) (2–5 years before IBD diagnosis) | |
| Kronman et al145 | UK | 148 IBD | UK ambulatory practices | 5.51 (1.68 to 18.28) at 1-year-old 2.62 (1.61 to 4.25) at 5 years old | – |
CD, Crohn's disease; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; UC, ulcerative colitis.