Xanthine oxidase from human liver: Purification and characterization
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2016, Journal of Molecular StructureCitation Excerpt :Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a highly versatile flavoprotein enzyme, ubiquitous among species (from bacteria to human) and within the various tissues of mammals [33]. It catalyzes the last two steps in the purine degradation pathway prior to formation of uric acid, that is, hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and then to uric acid [34]. Elevated concentrations of uric acid in the blood stream of human body leads to formation of gout, characterized by hyperuricemia and recurrentattacks of arthritis [35].
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2016, Journal of BiotechnologyCitation Excerpt :Krenitsky et al. (1986) believed that even poor substrates for XOR would be completely metabolized by this enzyme, considering its relatively high abundance in the human body. XOR has been described to oxidize several types of substrates, from pyridines, pyrazines, purines, pyrimidines, quinolones to pterines (Krenitsky et al., 1986). It can also oxidize drugs such as 6-deoxyacyclovir (Krenitsky et al., 1984), 6-mercaptopurine (Bergmann and Ungar, 1960), famciclovir (Kitamura et al., 2006), allopurinol (Kitamura et al., 2006; Pacher et al., 2006), pyrazinamide (Yamamoto et al., 1987), 5-fluorouracil (Kitamura et al., 2006), and quinazoline (McCormack et al., 1978).
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