Elsevier

The Lancet

Volume 338, Issue 8779, 30 November 1991, Pages 1350-1353
The Lancet

ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Serological markers and HLA genes among healthy first-degree relatives of patients with coeliac disease

https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)92234-SGet rights and content

Abstract

Coeliac disease may remain undiagnosed because of the non-specific nature of the presenting symptoms. Several antibody tests are claimed as markers for this condition but a direct comparison of the available tests has not been reported. The probands and healthy first-degree relatives of 42 families with coeliac disease were studied. Histological examination of biopsy specimens revealed jejunal mucosal villous atrophy compatible with coeliac disease in 13 of 122 relatives. Reticulin-antibody-positive relatives with or without jejunal mucosal atrophy were genetically similar to the probands of the families (DR3 gene frequencies 55·3%-60·0%). Gliadin-antibody-positive relatives with normal mucosa were genetically different from the probands (DR3 gene frequency 16·7% versus 55·3%). IgA reticulin and endomysium antibodies detected 92·3% of subjects with silent coeliac disease. The only case that was missed had selective IgA deficiency and was positive for IgG-class reticulin antibodies. By contrast, gliadin antibodies detected only half of the cases. Follow-up of the 7 reticulin-antibody-positive relatives with normal mucosa revealed 2 further cases of coeliac disease and 1 of dermatitis herpetiformis during the next three years. Our family study shows that healthy reticulin-antibody-positive first-degree relatives of coeliac disease patients, irrespective of the state of the jejunal mucosa, are genetically similar to known coeliac disease patients. Reticulin-antibody positivity is an indicator of both silent and latent coeliac disease.

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