Elsevier

Peptides

Volume 17, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 933-941
Peptides

Article
Galanin modulates sphincter of Oddi function in the Australian brush-tailed possum

https://doi.org/10.1016/0196-9781(96)00147-7Get rights and content

Abstract

The neuropeptide galanin (GAL) is found in neurons in the biliary tract of several species. We mapped the distribution of GAL-like immunoreactive nerve (GAL-LI) fibers in the sphincter of Oddi of the Australian brush-tailed possum by immunohistochemistry. The pharmacological effects of GAL in vitro and in vivo were studied by measuring sphincter of Oddi muscle strip contractility and transsphincteric flow, respectively. Muscle layers, and ganglionated and perivascular plexuses, contained GAL-LI nerve fibers. Exogenous GAL caused a concentration-dependent (10−9–10−6 M) increase in the spontaneous longitudinal but not circular muscle contractions. At 10−6 M GAL, contractile activity was elevated two- to fourfold. This response was tetrodotoxin insensitive but competitively inhibited by galantide (10−8–10−7 M). In vivo, intra-arterial bolus injections of GAL (100–1000 ng/kg), decreased transsphincteric flow, with a maximum reduction to 80.2 ± 6.8% of control. In conclusion, GAL appears to selectively stimulate longitudinally oriented sphincter of Oddi smooth muscle via a direct mechanism, which results in a modest reduction in transsphincteric flow.

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