The topographic representation of esophageal motor function on the human cerebral cortex
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Impact of lower motor neurone facial palsy on oro-motor function and its remediation
2019, Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryTime-frequency analysis of the EEG mu rhythm as a measure of sensorimotor integration in the later stages of swallowing
2016, Clinical NeurophysiologyCitation Excerpt :clearly shows stronger mu ERD on the right compared to the left. Consistent with these findings, previous studies show that applying rTMS to the right premotor cortex elicits the strongest responses from the pharyngeal and esophageal muscles, suggesting right hemisphere dominance (Aziz et al., 1996; Hamdy et al., 1999, 2001). In addition, MEG studies by Teismann and colleagues report a lateralization shift in activation from the left to right hemispheres as swallowing progressed from oral to pharyngeal and esophageal phases (Teismann et al., 2007; 2009).
Central and peripheral motor drive to the palatal muscles
2016, Neurophysiologie CliniqueEffects of transcranial direct current stimulation on esophageal motility in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
2014, Clinical NeurophysiologyCitation Excerpt :Ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) is the most common manometric finding, defined as distal esophageal hypocontractility in at least 30% of wet swallows, characterized either as low-amplitude peristaltic waves (<30 mmHg), low-amplitude simultaneous or not propagated waves, or absent peristalsis (Spechler and Castell, 2001). In early studies with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on healthy subjects, Aziz et al. (1995) suggested that stimulated cortico-esophageal pathways share the same population of brainstem motor neurons activated during swallowing and vagal stimulation, while electromyographic responses evoked by focal TMS succeeded in identifying the topographic representation of the esophagus on the cerebral cortex (Aziz et al., 1996). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe and non-invasive form of neurostimulation involving purely modulatory effects on human cortex and is burdened with fewer technical artifacts such as acoustic noise and muscle twitching in comparison with TMS, making it more suitable for double-blind, sham-controlled studies (Tanaka and Watanabe, 2009).