Plasma levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors p55 and p75 in patients with alcoholic liver disease of increasing severity
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Restoration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling attenuates alcoholic liver disease progression in a rat model
2015, Journal of HepatologyCitation Excerpt :Pro-inflammatory cytokines that trigger inflammatory responses and apoptosis have been observed in the liver of animal models of ALD as well as in chronic alcoholics [3,4]. Moreover, targeting elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα and IL1β has been investigated as potential therapeutic approaches to alter ALD progression [5,6]. However, inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling by anti-TNFα agents has been shown to increase the risk of bacterial or viral infection [7–14].
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2011, Journal of HepatologyCitation Excerpt :Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a severe end of the spectrum of alcoholic liver disease and often occurs on the background of cirrhosis in patients with a high alcohol intake (alcohol consumption of >80 g alcohol/day for men and >60 g/day for women). Inflammation is believed to play a central role in the development of further liver injury and progression to organ failure [1–3] and despite some advances in therapeutic interventions, this condition still carries a mortality of over 40% in several series [4]. From the clinical perspective, the diagnosis is made by an appropriate history of alcohol abuse that results in progressive jaundice, requires admission to the hospital, and is associated with evidence of a systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) with no other identifiable cause of liver disease.
Mechanisms of the inflammatory reaction implicated in alcoholic hepatitis: 2011 update
2011, Clinics and Research in Hepatology and GastroenterologyCitation Excerpt :TNF-R1 knockout mice were almost completely protected of liver injury induced by continuous enteral ethanol feeding [59]. Serum levels of TNF-alpha receptors increased progressively with the severity of liver disease in alcoholic patients [60] and the expression of the TNF-α gene was increased in liver tissue from patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis [61]. Furthermore, the serum levels of TNF-R1 measured at admission might predict the 3-month survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis [62].