Functional impairment of rat enterochromaffin-like cells by interleukin 1 beta

doi:10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9024290

Gastroenterology

Volume 112, Issue 2, February 1997, Pages 364-375

https://doi.org/10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9024290 Get rights and content

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Histamine-producing enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells play an integrative role in the regulation of acid secretion. Decreased mucosal histamine concentrations and increased levels of interleukin (IL) 1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 have been detected in the gastric mucosa inflamed with Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of isolated ECL cells to these cytokines.

METHODS: Enriched rat gastric ECL cells (85%-95%) were cultured for 2-4 days.

RESULTS: Polymerase chain reaction showed IL-1 and IL-6, but not IL-8 receptors, in ECL cell complementary DNA. Positive receptor staining with biotinylated IL-1 beta corresponded to ECL cell enrichment (92%). IL-6 and IL-8 had no effect on histamine secretion. IL-1 beta (2 U/mL) stimulated basal histamine secretion and nitric oxide production within 60 minutes and cyclic guanosine monophosphate production within 20 minutes. Pretreatment for 20 minutes with IL-1 beta (2 U/mL) attenuated gastrin-stimulated histamine secretion by 40%-50%, reversed by the IL-1 receptor antagonist (10 U/ mL). Pretreatment for 20 minutes with IL-1 beta (2 U/mL) completely inhibited gastrin-stimulated (1 nmol/L) histidine decarboxylase activity. IL-1 beta (2 U/mL, 60 minutes) increased lactate dehydrogenase release to 25% of cell content. Cells pretreated with IL- 1 beta did not respond to gastrin after a further 48-hour culture and showed decreased histamine content.

CONCLUSIONS: ECL cells appear to express IL-1 receptors. IL-1 beta causes sustained functional impairment of ECL cells in vitro.

(Gastroenterology 1997 Feb;112(2):364-75)

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