Cross-reactive pseudovirus-neutralizing anti-envelope antibodies coexist with antibodies devoid of such activity in persistent hepatitis C virus infection

Virology. 2004 Oct 1;327(2):242-8. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.06.042.

Abstract

Most RNA viruses have evolved mechanisms to avoid neutralizing antibody responses, and it is generally believed that variability of envelope-encoding regions is the major molecular basis of this phenomenon. However, it has been hypothesized that other mechanisms can be involved. Recent experimental data indicate that in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the anti-envelope humoral response includes cross-reactive antibody clones able to neutralize vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes containing HCV E1 and E2 glycoproteins (HCV/VSV pseudotype) as well as other clones devoid of such activity. In this work, we demonstrate that natural infection with a large variety of HCV isolates belonging to different genotypes elicits HCV/VSV pseudotype-neutralizing cross-reactive anti-envelope antibodies together with clones unable to neutralize this pseudovirus. This was shown by designing a novel strategy for quantitation of serum antibodies binding selectively to single viral cross-reactive conformational epitopes. These data can be useful not only for a better understanding of the virus-host interplay in important viral diseases, but also for the development of an effective anti-HCV vaccine.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / genetics
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
  • Cross Reactions
  • Hepacivirus / immunology*
  • Hepatitis C Antibodies / blood*
  • Hepatitis C Antibodies / immunology
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / genetics
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / immunology
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Recombinant Proteins / immunology
  • Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / genetics
  • Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / immunology*
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • E1 protein, Hepatitis C virus
  • Hepatitis C Antibodies
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus