In a prospective study, eight young healthy subjects (five with an active H. pylori infection in the antral mucosa) were treated with a course of tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate, amoxycillin and metronidazole. The triple therapy eradicated infection when assessed 20-24 weeks later by antral biopsy (urease, histology, and 13C urea breath test [4 out of 5 subjects]). Twenty-four hour intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin concentration were measured before treatment, and 4-6 weeks and 20-24 weeks post-treatment. Treatment did not affect acidity in either the H. pylori-positive or H. pylori-negative groups, nor did it affect the plasma gastrin profile in the H. pylori-negative group. Eradication of H. pylori infection in five subjects caused a drop of the median integrated 24-hour plasma gastrin concentration from 558 pmol.h/L before treatment to 307 and 289 pmol.h/L at 4-6 and 20-24 weeks post-treatment, respectively. It is concluded that H. pylori infection is associated with 24-hour hypergastrinaemia, and that in apparently healthy subjects normal gastric physiology can be restored by eradication of the infection.