Background Coeliac disease (CD), originally thought to be largely confined to Northern
Europe and Australasia and uncommon in North America and the Middle East, is now …

Objectives The global prevalence of IBS is difficult to ascertain, particularly in light of the
heterogeneity of published epidemiological studies. The aim was to conduct a literature …

Innate immune receptors respond to common structural patterns in microbial molecules and
are called pattern recognition receptors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical roles in the …

These guidelines provide a practical and evidence-based resource for the management of
patients with Barrett's oesophagus and related early neoplasia. The Appraisal of Guidelines …

Summary Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) initiates potent immune responses by recognizing
diacylated and triacylated lipopeptides. Its ligand specificity is controlled by whether it …

Spermatogenesis in mammals is characterized by two waves of piRNA expression: one
corresponds to classic piRNAs responsible for silencing retrotransponsons and the second …

Resveratrol, a triphenolic stilbene present in grapes and other plants, has striking
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities which have been considered to be responsible …

We report an electro-mechanical biosensor for electrical detection of proteins with disease
markers using self-sensing piezoresistive micro-cantilevers. Electrical detection, via surface …

The capillary burst microvalve offers an attractive means to regulate microliquid flow owing
to its simple structure and operation process. However, there existed no rigorous theoretical …

Objective: Data on the epidemiology of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in the East are
limited. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of chronic gastrointestinal …