Article Text
Abstract
Objective Ulcerative colitis is associated with increased interleukin 13 (IL-13) production by natural killer T cells. Taking advantage of the inhibitory actions of interferon β on IL-13 expression, this proof-of-concept study aimed to show that decreasing IL-13 production is associated with clinical improvement of ulcerative colitis symptoms.
Design Open-label interventional drug trial.
Setting Outpatient clinical research hospital.
Patients Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis (Short Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI)≥5).
Interventions Treatment with 30 μg IM interferon-β-1a (Avonex) weekly for 12 weeks with 6 month follow-up.
Main outcome measures Clinical response was defined as ≥3 point drop in the SCCAI for at least two consecutive monitoring visits, and cytokine production was measured in cultured peripheral blood and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) before and after treatment.
Results 11 of 16 patients were clinical responders, and 4 were in remission (SCCAI ≤ 2) at the end of treatment. Rectal bleeding subscores improved dramatically by week 4 (38% with frank bleeding vs 87% pretreatment). Increased IL-13 production by LPMC T cells fell significantly in clinical responders (690±99 vs 297±58 pg/ml p=0.015) but was unchanged in non-responders (542±83 vs 510±39 pg/ml). In addition, non-responders had significantly higher production of IL-17 and IL-6 pre-treatment compared to responders.
Conclusions Interferon-β-1a induces clinical response and remission in a large subset of patients with ulcerative colitis that is associated with significant inhibition of IL-13 production. In addition, increased IL-17 and IL-6 production is associated with no response to interferon-β. These data provide a proof-of-concept that IL-13 is an effector cytokine in ulcerative colitis and should be a target for novel therapies.
- Interleukin-13
- colitis
- ulcerative
- interferon-beta
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Footnotes
See Commentary, p 430
Linked articles 229138.
Funding This project has been funded by the Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, the NIH Clinical Center and the National Cancer Institute under contract N01-CO-12400.
Competing interests PM has received consultant fees from Biogen-Idec.
Ethics approval This study was conducted with the approval of the NIH Intramural NIAID IRB.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.