Footnotes

• Contributors JM-I, IH and SJS contributed equally to this letter.

• Competing interests IH is a consultant for Shire, Regeneron, Roche and Receptors. He receives grant support from NIH U54 AI117804 (part of the Rare Disease Clinical Research Network (RDCRN), an initiative of the Office of Rare Disease Research (ORDR), NCATS and is funded through collaboration between NCATS, NIAID and NIDDK). SJS: The Office of Medical Research, Departments of Veterans Affairs (SJS), the National Institutes of Health (R01-DK63621 to SJS, R01-CA134571 to SJS) and NASPGHAN Foundation/AstraZeneca Award (EC).

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; internally peer reviewed.