Footnotes

• Twitter @manasiagrawalmd, @KristineAllin, @PREDICTIBD

• Contributors MA: study concept and design, interpretation of data, drafting and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; GP: study design, acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; J-FC: interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; KHA: study concept and design, interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; TJ: study concept and design, interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content.

• Funding This study was funded by the Danish National Research Foundation (grant number DNRF148). MA is supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK129762-01). J-FC is supported by the Mount Sinai (New York) SUCCESS fund (grant number N/A).

• Competing interests MA reports no conflict of interest. GP reports no conflict of interest. J-FC reports receiving research grants from AbbVie, Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Takeda; receiving payment for lectures from AbbVie, Amgen, Allergan, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Shire and Takeda; receiving consulting fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galmed Research, Glaxo Smith Kline, Geneva, Iterative Scopes, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Kaleido Biosciences, Landos, Otsuka, Pfizer, Prometheus, Sanofi, Takeda and TiGenix; and hold stock options in Intestinal Biotech Development. KHA reports no conflict of interest. TJ reports no conflict of interest.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

• Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.