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Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomisation study
  1. Hongjin An1,
  2. Min Zhong1,
  3. Huatian Gan2,3
  1. 1 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
  2. 2 Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
  3. 3 Department of Gastroenterology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, the Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
  1. Correspondence to Dr Huatian Gan, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; ganhuatian123{at}163.com

https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331904

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    We read with great interest the population-based cohort study by Abrahami D et al,1 in which they found that the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) was not associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the assessment of causality in observational studies is often challenging due to the presence of multiple confounding factors. The existence of a causal relationship between PPIs and IBD remains unclear at present. Mendelian randomisation (MR) is a method of generating more reliable evidence using exposure-related genetic variants to assess causality, limiting the bias caused by confounders.2 Therefore, we used a two-sample MR analysis to investigate the association between the use of PPIs and IBD including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

    For this study, different cohort data sources were used for exposure and outcome to avoid sample overlap (online supplemental material). We used summary statistics from the medication use case-control genome-wide association studies conducted among UK Biobank study participants to generate genetic instruments for …

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    Footnotes

    • HA and MZ contributed equally.

    • Contributors All authors conceived and designed the study. HA and MZ did the statistical analyses and wrote the manuscript. HG revised the manuscript and is the guarantor. HA and MZ have contributed equally to this study.

    • Funding The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82070560) and 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan (No. ZYGD23013).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.