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Abstract
Background Bacillus clausii possesses profound probiotic potential to alleviate gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, promote gut health, and fortify immune function. There is increasing interest in exploiting these beneficial properties beyond treating GI ailments. Therefore, this scoping review aims to investigate the potential of B. clausii as a probiotic in managing medical conditions in humans.
Methods The systematic literature search was executed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across four databases: Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus, using the search terms ‘probiotics AND bacillus AND clausii’ AND ‘human OR gut.’ English original articles published from 2019 to 2024 on clinical studies utilizing B. clausii intervention were included, while animal and in-vitro studies were excluded.
Results IDDF2024-ABS-0349-Figure 1 illustrates the study selection and the effects of B. clausii supplementation.10 out of 13 studies reported the benefits of B. clausii supplementation in GI disorders: (i) improved treatment outcomes (ii) reduced GI symptoms (iii) reduced treatment duration (iv) high acceptability (v) minimal adverse events. However, results from 3 studies with pediatric patients with GI disorders showed no significant differences. In respiratory disorders, B. clausii supplementation demonstrated promising results in reducing disease duration and symptom severity, with evidence suggesting its role in reducing viral load and inflammation. In the context of psoriasis, B. clausii administration alongside anti-psoriatic therapy exhibited notable anti-inflammatory effects through cytokine regulation and restoration of gut microbiota balance. Conversely, its effects on eczema patients were not significant. Additionally, cancer patients receiving B. clausii experienced delayed onset and reduced severity of mucositis, indicating its potential ameliorative effects. Additionally, diabetic individuals experienced improvements in fasting glycemia, lipid profiles, and intestinal health with B. clausii supplementation. B. clausii use in preterm neonates did not elicit significant effects in sepsis prophylaxis. Overall, B. clausii supplementation as a single or multi-strain probiotic is generally well tolerated with minimal side effects, even at high doses.
Conclusions B. clausii harbours promising probiotic potential as an adjunct in the therapeutics of various health conditions to improve treatment outcomes with minimal adverse effects. Further research is imperative to elucidate its mechanisms of action and refine B. clausii supplementation for optimal outcomes.