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Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium and dominant microorganism in gastric. In this study, we aimed to analyze the infection rate of H.pylori and risk factors, as well as the gut microbiota composition in young individuals.
Methods Regular dietary habits were ascertained through the administration of a food-frequency questionnaire. To scremming the positive, all participants were tested by using the H.pylori Antigen Detection Kit. And fecal samples were collected from two groups after a 1:1 height, weight, sex and age match. The composition of gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. To investigate the relationships between dietary factors and α- and β-diversity indices, as well as relative taxa abundances, we employed statistical analyses including Spearman correlations, permutational ANOVAs, and multivariate linear models.
Results Participants included 26.23% (214/816) males and 73.77% (602/816) females, with an average age of 22 ± 8 years, and an average BMI of 20.27±2.67 kg/m2. The fecal antigen test showed that the infection rate of H.pylori was 7.23% (59/816). On the dimension of abdomen pain, esophageal reflux, indigestion and diarrhea were different between groups of H. pylori positive (HP) and H. pylori negative (HN). However, there was no significant between the two groups based on the questionnaires. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing shows no significant differences between the HP and HN groups in terms of alpha diversity, including the Ace and Shannon indices, but the HP group has no statistical decrease. We identified that the Holdemanella, Megamonas and Catenibacterium were associated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms. Furthermore, our results indicated that the consumption of pickled foods was negatively correlated with the diversity of gut microbiota.
Comparison of relative taxa abundance between HP and HN.
Compositional diversity of the gut microbiome.
Differences in each dimension of GSRS score between Helicobacter pylori infection group.
Significant microbial associations of demographics individual diet and gastrointestinal score.
Conclusions The infection rate of H.pylori was 7.23%. There were no significant differences between the two groups in lifestyle, eating preferences, and taste habits. But the HP group apparently had more severe gastric symptoms. Moreover, the microbial diversity was similar between the two groups. We further explored that Holdemanella, Megamonas and Catenibacterium were associated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and the consumption of pickled foods was negatively correlated with the diversity of gut microbiota.