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  • Hepatic events associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study

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Hepatic events associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study
  1. Sungho Bea1,
  2. Han Eol Jeong1,2,
  3. Sohee Park1,
  4. Oriana H Y Yu3,4,
  5. Yoosoo Chang2,5,
  6. Juhee Cho2,6,
  7. Dong Hyun Sinn7,
  8. Young Min Cho8,
  9. Ju-Young Shin1,2
  1. 1 School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
  2. 2 Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
  3. 3 Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  4. 4 Division of Endocrinology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  5. 5 Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  6. 6 Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
  7. 7 Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  8. 8 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  1. Correspondence to Dr Ju-Young Shin, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea; shin.jy{at}skku.edu

https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327504

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    We read with great interest the report on risk of incident diabetes mellitus among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by Mantovani et al.1 The bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and liver disease has been largely evaluated.2–4 However, optimal therapeutic options for T2D in patients with metabolic syndrome remain unclear. Several randomised trials have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) may have promising effects on early stages of liver disease, yet its effects on advanced liver disease are unclear and warrant further research.5–7 Although one observational study of patients with T2D and liver cirrhosis reported a 11% lower risk of hepatic decompensation events (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.26) with SGLT2is versus dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4is), it lacked statistical power by having wide CIs.8 Thus, we investigated the risk of hepatic events with SGLT2is among patients with T2D.

    We conducted a large-scale, active comparator, new-user cohort study using the nationwide claims data of South Korea, which covers an entire population of >50 million.9 We included patients with T2D, newly prescribed an SGLT2i or a DPP4i between 2014 and 2020. We excluded patients aged<18 years; those with a history of end-stage renal disease or cancer; and those prescribed both SGLT2i and DPP4i on cohort entry. The primary outcome was major hepatic …

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors SB designed the overall research, collected the data, performed statistical analyses, interpreted the data and wrote the manuscript. HEJ designed the overall research, interpreted the data and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. SP contributed to the statistical analyses and writing of the manuscript. J-YS designed the study, supervised the statistical analyses and interpretation of data and critically revised the manuscript. OHYY, YC, JC, DHS and YMC critically revised the design and manuscript. J-YS as a guarantor of the study, accepts full responsibility for the result of this study, had access to the data and controlled the decision to publish.

    • Funding This research was supported by a grant (21183MFDS542) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, South Korea, in 2021–2022.

    • Competing interests J-YS received grants from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the National Research Foundation of Korea and pharmaceutical companies, including Daiichi Sankyo, GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer, outside the submitted work.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.