Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the world’s most common malignancies and accounts for more than 90% of all primary liver cancers. A number of different risk factors have been identified for the development of HCC.¹ Hepatitis B carrier state, environmental toxins, chronic hepatitis C virus infection, hereditary haemochromatosis, and liver cirrhosis of almost any cause are well known risk factors for HCC. In addition, environmental toxins such as aflatoxins and contaminated drinking water may contribute to the pathogenesis of HCC, especially in Asia and underdeveloped countries. Finally, a number of HCC cases have occurred after the use of thorotrast for diagnostic procedures, and survivors of the atomic bomb of Hiroshima were also at higher risk …