PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - M Staritz
AU  - A Rambow
AU  - A Grosse
AU  - A Hurst
AU  - A Floth
AU  - P Mildenberger
AU  - M Goebel
AU  - T Junginger
AU  - R Hohenfellner
AU  - M Thelen
TI  - Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shockwaves for fragmentation of extra-and intrahepatic bile duct stones: indications, success and problems during a 15 months clinical experience.
AID  - 10.1136/gut.31.2.222
DP  - 1990 Feb 01
TA  - Gut
PG  - 222--225
VI  - 31
IP  - 2
4099  - http://gut.bmj.com/content/31/2/222.short
4100  - http://gut.bmj.com/content/31/2/222.full
SO  - Gut1990 Feb 01; 31
AB  - Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shock waves (without waterbath) were applied after intravenous premedication with 10-15 mg diazepam and 100 mg tramadol in the treatment of 33 patients (aged 32 to 91 years) with multiple intrahepatic stones (n = 4) or huge common bile duct stones (n = 29, 18-30 mm in diameter), which could not be removed by conventional endoscopy. Stone disintegration was achieved in 70% of common bile duct stones and in all intrahepatic concrements after 800-7500 discharges, which were applied during one (n = 21), two (n = 6) or three sessions (n = 6). Apart from mild fleabite-like petechiae at the side of shock wave transmission no other side effects were observed for a total of 51 procedures. We believe electromagnetically generated shock waves are safe, easy to apply, and relatively effective in the therapy of common bile duct and intrahepatic stones.