RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Effect of chronic and acute cigarette smoking on the pharyngoglottal closure reflex
JF Gut
JO Gut
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
SP 771
OP 775
DO 10.1136/gut.51.6.771
VO 51
IS 6
A1 K Dua
A1 E Bardan
A1 J Ren
A1 Z Sui
A1 R Shaker
YR 2002
UL http://gut.bmj.com/content/51/6/771.abstract
AB Background: Injection of water into the pharynx at a threshold volume induces vocal cord adduction—the pharyngoglottal closure reflex (PGCR). This reflex together with other supraoesophageal reflexes may be helpful in preventing aspiration. Cigarette smoking has an adverse affect on the pharyngo-upper oesophageal sphincter contractile reflex and reflexive pharyngeal swallow. The effect of smoking on PGCR has not been studied previously. Aims: To elucidate the effect of chronic and acute cigarette smoking on PGCR. Subjects: We studied 10 chronic smokers and 10 non-smokers before and after real/simulated smoking, respectively. Methods: Using concurrent recordings, glottal function was monitored by video endoscopy, swallowing by electromyography, and PGCR was triggered by rapid and slow pharyngeal water injections. Results: The threshold volume to trigger PGCR during rapid injection was significantly higher in chronic smokers (non-smoker 0.20 (SEM 0.02) ml, smoker 0.36 (0.02) ml; p<0.001). In six of 10 smokers, acute smoking abolished this reflex during slow water injection. Conclusions: Smoking adversely affects stimulation of PGCR. This finding may have implications in the development of reflux related respiratory complications in smokers.