TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based case-control study in Asia-Pacific JF - Gut JO - Gut SP - 1063 LP - 1071 DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307410 VL - 64 IS - 7 AU - Siew C Ng AU - Whitney Tang AU - Rupert W Leong AU - Minhu Chen AU - Yanna Ko AU - Corrie Studd AU - Ola Niewiadomski AU - Sally Bell AU - Michael A Kamm AU - H J de Silva AU - Anuradhani Kasturiratne AU - Yasith Udara Senanayake AU - Choon Jin Ooi AU - Khoon-Lin Ling AU - David Ong AU - Khean Lee Goh AU - Ida Hilmi AU - Qin Ouyang AU - Yu-Fang Wang AU - PinJin Hu AU - Zhenhua Zhu AU - Zhirong Zeng AU - Kaichun Wu AU - Xin Wang AU - Bing Xia AU - Jin Li AU - Pises Pisespongsa AU - Sathaporn Manatsathit AU - Satimai Aniwan AU - Marcellus Simadibrata AU - Murdani Abdullah AU - Steve W C Tsang AU - Tai Chiu Wong AU - Aric J Hui AU - Chung Mo Chow AU - Hon Ho Yu AU - Mo Fong Li AU - Ka Kei Ng AU - Jessica Ching AU - Justin C Y Wu AU - Francis K L Chan AU - Joseph J Y Sung Y1 - 2015/07/01 UR - http://gut.bmj.com/content/64/7/1063.abstract N2 - Objective The rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia supports the importance of environmental risk factors in disease aetiology. This prospective population-based case-control study in Asia-Pacific examined risk factors prior to patients developing IBD.Design 442 incident cases (186 Crohn's disease (CD); 256 UC; 374 Asians) diagnosed between 2011 and 2013 from eight countries in Asia and Australia and 940 controls (frequency-matched by sex, age and geographical location; 789 Asians) completed an environmental factor questionnaire at diagnosis. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted ORs (aOR) and 95% CIs.Results In multivariate model, being breast fed >12 months (aOR 0.10; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.30), antibiotic use (aOR 0.19; 0.07 to 0.52), having dogs (aOR 0.54; 0.35 to 0.83), daily tea consumption (aOR 0.62; 0.43 to 0.91) and daily physical activity (aOR 0.58; 0.35 to 0.96) decreased the odds for CD in Asians. In UC, being breast fed >12 months (aOR 0.16; 0.08 to 0.31), antibiotic use (aOR 0.48; 0.27 to 0.87), daily tea (aOR 0.63; 0.46 to 0.86) or coffee consumption (aOR 0.51; 0.36 to 0.72), presence of hot water tap (aOR 0.65; 0.46 to 0.91) and flush toilet in childhood (aOR 0.71; 0.51 to 0.98) were protective for UC development whereas ex-smoking (aOR 2.02; 1.22 to 3.35) increased the risk of UC.Conclusions This first population-based study of IBD risk factors in Asia-Pacific supports the importance of childhood immunological, hygiene and dietary factors in the development of IBD, suggesting that markers of altered intestinal microbiota may modulate risk of IBD later in life. ER -