TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of humoural and cellular immunity by immunisation with HCV particle vaccine in a non-human primate model JF - Gut JO - Gut SP - 372 LP - 379 DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312208 VL - 67 IS - 2 AU - Hiroshi Yokokawa AU - Atsunori Higashino AU - Saori Suzuki AU - Masaki Moriyama AU - Noriko Nakamura AU - Tomohiko Suzuki AU - Ryosuke Suzuki AU - Koji Ishii AU - Kouji Kobiyama AU - Ken J Ishii AU - Takaji Wakita AU - Hirofumi Akari AU - Takanobu Kato Y1 - 2018/02/01 UR - http://gut.bmj.com/content/67/2/372.abstract N2 - Objective Although HCV is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, there is currently no prophylactic vaccine for this virus. Thus, the development of an HCV vaccine that can induce both humoural and cellular immunity is urgently needed. To create an effective HCV vaccine, we evaluated neutralising antibody induction and cellular immune responses following the immunisation of a non-human primate model with cell culture-generated HCV (HCVcc).Design To accomplish this, 10 common marmosets were immunised with purified, inactivated HCVcc in combination with two different adjuvants: the classically used aluminum hydroxide (Alum) and the recently established adjuvant: CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) wrapped by schizophyllan (K3-SPG).Results The coadministration of HCVcc with K3-SPG efficiently induced immune responses against HCV, as demonstrated by the production of antibodies with specific neutralising activity against chimaeric HCVcc with structural proteins from multiple HCV genotypes (1a, 1b, 2a and 3a). The induction of cellular immunity was also demonstrated by the production of interferon-γ mRNA in spleen cells following stimulation with the HCV core protein. These changes were not observed following immunisation with HCVcc/Alum preparation. No vaccination-related abnormalities were detected in any of the immunised animals.Conclusions The current preclinical study demonstrated that a vaccine included both HCVcc and K3-SPG induced humoural and cellular immunity in marmosets. Vaccination with this combination resulted in the production of antibodies exhibiting cross-neutralising activity against multiple HCV genotypes. Based on these findings, the vaccine created in this study represents a promising, potent and safe prophylactic option against HCV. ER -