RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Dietary supplementation with inulin-propionate ester or inulin improves insulin sensitivity in adults with overweight and obesity with distinct effects on the gut microbiota, plasma metabolome and systemic inflammatory responses: a randomised cross-over trial
JF Gut
JO Gut
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
SP 1430
OP 1438
DO 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318424
VO 68
IS 8
A1 Edward S Chambers
A1 Claire S Byrne
A1 Douglas J Morrison
A1 Kevin G Murphy
A1 Tom Preston
A1 Catriona Tedford
A1 Isabel Garcia-Perez
A1 Sofia Fountana
A1 Jose Ivan Serrano-Contreras
A1 Elaine Holmes
A1 Catherine J Reynolds
A1 Jordie F Roberts
A1 Rosemary J Boyton
A1 Daniel M Altmann
A1 Julie A K McDonald
A1 Julian R Marchesi
A1 Arne N Akbar
A1 Natalie E Riddell
A1 Gareth A Wallis
A1 Gary S Frost
YR 2019
UL http://gut.bmj.com/content/68/8/1430.abstract
AB Objective To investigate the underlying mechanisms behind changes in glucose homeostasis with delivery of propionate to the human colon by comprehensive and coordinated analysis of gut bacterial composition, plasma metabolome and immune responses.Design Twelve non-diabetic adults with overweight and obesity received 20 g/day of inulin-propionate ester (IPE), designed to selectively deliver propionate to the colon, a high-fermentable fibre control (inulin) and a low-fermentable fibre control (cellulose) in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. Outcome measurements of metabolic responses, inflammatory markers and gut bacterial composition were analysed at the end of each 42-day supplementation period.Results Both IPE and inulin supplementation improved insulin resistance compared with cellulose supplementation, measured by homeostatic model assessment 2 (mean±SEM 1.23±0.17 IPE vs 1.59±0.17 cellulose, p=0.001; 1.17±0.15 inulin vs 1.59±0.17 cellulose, p=0.009), with no differences between IPE and inulin (p=0.272). Fasting insulin was only associated positively with plasma tyrosine and negatively with plasma glycine following inulin supplementation. IPE supplementation decreased proinflammatory interleukin-8 levels compared with cellulose, while inulin had no impact on the systemic inflammatory markers studied. Inulin promoted changes in gut bacterial populations at the class level (increased Actinobacteria and decreased Clostridia) and order level (decreased Clostridiales) compared with cellulose, with small differences at the species level observed between IPE and cellulose.Conclusion These data demonstrate a distinctive physiological impact of raising colonic propionate delivery in humans, as improvements in insulin sensitivity promoted by IPE and inulin were accompanied with different effects on the plasma metabolome, gut bacterial populations and markers of systemic inflammation.