RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Milk polar lipids reduce lipid cardiovascular risk factors in overweight postmenopausal women: towards a gut sphingomyelin-cholesterol interplay
JF Gut
JO Gut
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
SP 487
OP 501
DO 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-318155
VO 69
IS 3
A1 Cécile Vors
A1 Laurie Joumard-Cubizolles
A1 Manon Lecomte
A1 Emmanuel Combe
A1 Lemlih Ouchchane
A1 Jocelyne Drai
A1 Ketsia Raynal
A1 Florent Joffre
A1 Laure Meiller
A1 Mélanie Le Barz
A1 Patrice Gaborit
A1 Aurélie Caille
A1 Monique Sothier
A1 Carla Domingues-Faria
A1 Adeline Blot
A1 Aurélie Wauquier
A1 Emilie Blond
A1 Valérie Sauvinet
A1 Geneviève Gésan-Guiziou
A1 Jean-Pierre Bodin
A1 Philippe Moulin
A1 David Cheillan
A1 Hubert Vidal
A1 Béatrice Morio
A1 Eddy Cotte
A1 Françoise Morel-Laporte
A1 Martine Laville
A1 Annick Bernalier-Donadille
A1 Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron
A1 Corinne Malpuech-Brugère
A1 Marie-Caroline Michalski
YR 2020
UL http://gut.bmj.com/content/69/3/487.abstract
AB Objective To investigate whether milk polar lipids (PL) impact human intestinal lipid absorption, metabolism, microbiota and associated markers of cardiometabolic health.Design A double-blind, randomised controlled 4-week study involving 58 postmenopausal women was used to assess the chronic effects of milk PL consumption (0, 3 or 5 g-PL/day) on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. The acute effects of milk PL on intestinal absorption and metabolism of cholesterol were assessed in a randomised controlled crossover study using tracers in ileostomy patients.Results Over 4 weeks, milk PL significantly reduced fasting and postprandial plasma concentrations of cholesterol and surrogate lipid markers of cardiovascular disease risk, including total/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and apolipoprotein (Apo)B/ApoA1 ratios. The highest PL dose preferentially induced a decreased number of intestine-derived chylomicron particles. Also, milk PL increased faecal loss of coprostanol, a gut-derived metabolite of cholesterol, but major bacterial populations and faecal short-chain fatty acids were not affected by milk PL, regardless of the dose. Acute ingestion of milk PL by ileostomy patients shows that milk PL decreased cholesterol absorption and increased cholesterol-ileal efflux, which can be explained by the observed co-excretion with milk sphingomyelin in the gut.Conclusion The present data demonstrate for the first time in humans that milk PL can improve the cardiometabolic health by decreasing several lipid cardiovascular markers, notably through a reduced intestinal cholesterol absorption involving specific interactions in the gut, without disturbing the major bacterial phyla of gut microbiota.Trial registration number NCT02099032 and NCT02146339; Results.