TY - JOUR T1 - Gut microbiota regulate Alzheimer’s disease pathologies and cognitive disorders via PUFA-associated neuroinflammation JF - Gut JO - Gut SP - 2233 LP - 2252 DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326269 VL - 71 IS - 11 AU - Chun Chen AU - Jianming Liao AU - Yiyuan Xia AU - Xia Liu AU - Rheinallt Jones AU - John Haran AU - Beth McCormick AU - Timothy Robert Sampson AU - Ashfaqul Alam AU - Keqiang Ye Y1 - 2022/11/01 UR - http://gut.bmj.com/content/71/11/2233.abstract N2 - Objective This study is to investigate the role of gut dysbiosis in triggering inflammation in the brain and its contribution to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis.Design We analysed the gut microbiota composition of 3×Tg mice in an age-dependent manner. We generated germ-free 3×Tg mice and recolonisation of germ-free 3×Tg mice with fecal samples from both patients with AD and age-matched healthy donors.Results Microbial 16S rRNA sequencing revealed Bacteroides enrichment. We found a prominent reduction of cerebral amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles pathology in germ-free 3×Tg mice as compared with specific-pathogen-free mice. And hippocampal RNAseq showed that inflammatory pathway and insulin/IGF-1 signalling in 3×Tg mice brain are aberrantly altered in the absence of gut microbiota. Poly-unsaturated fatty acid metabolites identified by metabolomic analysis, and their oxidative enzymes were selectively elevated, corresponding with microglia activation and inflammation. AD patients’ gut microbiome exacerbated AD pathologies in 3×Tg mice, associated with C/EBPβ/asparagine endopeptidase pathway activation and cognitive dysfunctions compared with healthy donors’ microbiota transplants.Conclusions These findings support that a complex gut microbiome is required for behavioural defects, microglia activation and AD pathologies, the gut microbiome contributes to pathologies in an AD mouse model and that dysbiosis of the human microbiome might be a risk factor for AD.All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as online supplemental information. ER -