Table 5

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) specific health related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments

ValidityReliability
InstrumentItems/scoring5-150DomainsFaceContentConstructICTR
GSRS20-22 15/105–15Reflux, diarrhoea, constipation, pain, indigestionL, EFactor analysisSF-36, PGWB0.60–0.85ICC 0.42–0.6
GORQ26 76/NSHeartburn, regurgitation, effect of heartburn, pain, dysphagia, UGI, respiratory, past history, medications, past treatments, miscellaneousL, E3 field testsNTNTκ 0.70
GORD-HRQL27 10/45–0NSENTEndoscopic oesophagitisNTNT
HBQOL30 15/0–100Role physical, pain, sleep, diet, social, mental healthL, ENTSF-360.75–0.91NT
QOLRAD32 25/25–175Emotional, sleep, eating problems, physical/social, vitalityL, E, PFactor analysisSF-36, GSRS0.89–0.94NT
  • 5-150 Scores range from worst to best QOL.

  • NS, not stated; NT, not tested; IC, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha); TR, test-retest.

  • L, literature review; E, expert opinion; P, patient interviews.