Risk evaluation for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) toxicity
| • Age and sex |
| • Disease for which NSAID is indicated |
| • Disease severity |
| • Comorbidity |
| • Previous gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding, or perforation |
| • Previous antiulcer drug use |
| • Symptoms with previous NSAID |
| • Dose, type, and duration of NSAID therapy |
| • Co-therapy with anticoagulants, corticosteroids, or aspirin |
| • Perioperative use |
| • Use of over the counter medication |
Data from McCarthy DM. Clin Perspect Gastroenterol 1999;2:219–26.