Univariate analysis of potential risk factors for choledochal complications
| Risk factor | All patients | Patients with complications | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; ES, endoscopic sphincterotomy. | |||
| Age ⩽70 y (yes/no) | 40/44 | 11/19 | 0.134 |
| Sex (male/female) | 37/47 | 13/17 | 0.922 |
| Interval between initial ES and repeat ERCP ⩽5 y (yes/no) | 43/41 | 20/10 | 0.034 |
| Bile duct diameter ⩾15 mm (yes/no) | 49/35 | 22/8 | 0.035 |
| Bile duct stone diameter ⩾15 mm (yes/no) | 38/46 | 18/12 | 0.043 |
| Bile duct stone number ⩾5 (yes/no) | 30/54 | 14/16 | 0.118 |
| Previous cholecystectomy (yes/no) | 62/22 | 22/8 | 0.941 |
| Previous duct exploration (yes/no) | 50/34 | 17/13 | 0.691 |
| Gall bladder stones (yes/no) | 11/11 | 5/3 | 0.375 |
| Periampullary diverticulum (yes/no) | 33/51 | 16/14 | 0.043 |
| Previous or present cholangitis (yes/no) | 48/36 | 17/13 | 0.948 |
| Pneumobilia (yes/no) | 59/25 | 20/10 | 0.594 |
| No visible evidence of prior sphincterotomy (yes/no) | 49/35 | 17/13 | 0.817 |
| Re-sphincterotomy (yes/no) | 69/15 | 24/6 | 0.702 |
| Mechanical lithotripsy (yes/no) | 50/34 | 22/8 | 0.051 |