Time course of apple polyphenol extracts (APE) protection against xanthine-xanthine oxidase (X-XO) induced cell damage
| Cell viability (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 h | 3 h | 6 h | 12 h | 20 h | |
| Mean (SD) from three separate experiments run in duplicate. | |||||
| Control, cells treated with serum free medium for 1–20 hours and then with vehicle for X-XO for two hours. | |||||
| X-XO, cells treated with serum free medium for 1–20 hours and then with X (1 mM)+XO (50 mU/ml) for two hours. | |||||
| APE, cells treated with APE (10−4 M) for 1–20 hours and then with vehicle for X-XO for two hours. | |||||
| APE, X-XO, cells treated with APE (10−4 M) for 1–20 hours and then with X (1 mM)+XO (50 mU/ml) for two hours. | |||||
| *p<0.05 versus control; †p<0.05 versus X-XO. | |||||
| Control | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| X-XO | 38.5 (1.8)* | 39.9 (2.6)* | 37.5 (2.4)* | 37.9 (1.8)* | 41.4 (1.7)* |
| APE | 99 (1.0) | 100 (2.9) | 102 (3.6) | 96 (2.7) | 97 (3.5) |
| APE, X-XO | 35.2 (2.5) | 70.2 (1.5)† | 50 (2.5)† | 48.8 (1.2)† | 40.4 (0.9) |