Trials of antibiotic prophylaxis against untreated controls in severe acute pancreatitis
| Reference | Agent | Duration (days) | Pancreatic infection | Deaths | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treated | Control | Treated | Control | |||
| Values given are the numbers of infections or deaths and the numbers in each group. (The Isenmann study was placebo controlled: 46% of placebo group received non-trial antibiotics after a median of five days). | ||||||
| Significantly fewer infections (χ2 = 5.87, p<0.02) and deaths (χ2 = 7.06, p<0.01) were seen overall in patients treated with antibiotics. | ||||||
| Pederzoli39 | Imipenem | 14 | 5/41 | 10/33 | 3/41 | 4/33 |
| Sainio40 | Cefuroxime | 14 | 9/30 | 12/30 | 1/30 | 7/30 |
| Delcenserie36 | Ceftazidime, amikacin, metronidazole | 10 | 0/11 | 3/12 | 1/11 | 3/12 |
| Schwarz41 | Ofloxacin, metronidazole | >10 | 8/13 | 7/13 | 0/13 | 3/13 |
| Nordback38 | Imipenem/cilastatin | Not stated | 2/25 | 14/33 | 2/25 | 5/33 |
| Isenmann37 | Ciprofloxacin, metronidazole | 14 (3–23) | 7/58 | 5/56 | 3/58 | 4/56 |
| Total | 31/178 | 51/177 | 10/178 | 26/177 | ||