Clinical features of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours
| Tumour | Symptoms | Malignancy | Survival |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insulinoma | Confusion, sweating, dizziness, weakness, unconsciousness, relief with eating | 10% of patients develop metastases | Complete resection cures most patients |
| Gastrinoma | Zollinger-Ellison syndrome of severe peptic ulceration and diarrhoea | Metastases develop in 60% of patients; likelihood correlated with size of primary | Complete resection results in 10 year survival of 90%; less likely if large primary |
| Glucagonoma | Necrolytic migratory erythema, weight loss, diabetes mellitus, stomatitis, diarrhoea | Metastases develop in 60% or more patients | More favourable with complete resection; prolonged even with liver metastases |
| VIPoma | Werner-Morrison syndrome of profuse watery diarrhoea with marked hypokalaemia | Metastases develop in up to 70% of patients; majority found at presentation | Complete resection with five year survival of 95%; with metastases, 60% |
| Somatostatinoma | cholelithiasis; weight loss; diarrhoea and steatorrhoea. Diabetes mellitus | Metastases likely in about 50% of patients | Complete resection associated with five year survival of 95%; with metastases, 60% |
| Non-syndromic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour | Symptoms from pancreatic mass and/or liver metastases | Metastases develop in up to 50% of patients | Complete resection associated with five year survival of at least 50% |