Table 1

 Clinical and histological features of our present case and cases in the literature

Sex/age (y)Histological featuresTreatmentEvolutionTrue lymphocytic intestinal leiomyositis
M, male; F, female; NR, not reported; PN, parenteral nutrition; PE, pancreatic enzymes.
Present caseF 16T lymphocytic infiltrate in muscularis propriaSteroids and later budesonide. AzathioprineMild symptoms, oral nutrition 2 y laterYes
Nezelof5M 6 moMononuclear infiltrate in muscularis propriaSteroidsDeath 4 y laterYes
Ruuska6M 2Predominant T lymphocytic infiltrateSteroids, azathioprine, ciclosporinTotal PNYes
Mann7M 47Chronic inflammatory infiltrate + fibrosis of longitudinal muscleNRDeath 2 y laterProbably yes
Rigby3F 27Predominant fibrosis of the circular layerImmunosuppressionOral diet plus gastrostomy feeds. Alive at 21 monthsProbably no
Giniès4F 6 moVery polymorphic infiltrate: lymphocytes, plasmocytes, histiocytes, and eosinophilsSteroidsOral nutrition. Normal weight and heightNo (probably B lymphocytes)
McDonald1 cases 1/2/3/4F 51/F 21/ F 29/F 18Mucosa predominantly affectedCyclophosphamide and steroids/steroids/ antibiotics/cisaprideMild symptoms at 9 y/PN one year later/NR/NRProbably no (B lymphocytes)
Arista-Nasr2 cases 1/2/3F 23/F 29/ F 23Mucosa predominantly affectedCyclophosphamide/ tetracycline, tinidazol, PE/tetracycline, steroids, chemotherapy.Death from inanition/death from inanition/alive, severe inanitionProbably no (B lymphocytes)